Stop and Search in the UK Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Stop and Search in the UK - Essay Example he same proves that it results in racial profiling and overuse of police powers, and the solution is to create awareness among the police officers on their limited powers and to make the civilians to know that it is their responsibility to help the nation to save them from internal threats. This section is broadly divided as: Explanation: Stop and Search, Stop and Search in UK, Racial profiling and Stop and Search in UK, Stop and Search cases and overuse of police powers, Statistics on Stop and Search cases in UK, and Solution. First of all, the masterminds behind this innovative policy/rule aimed to keep UK as a whole free from internal/external threats. For instance, it is easier to identify external threats, but it is difficult to identify those who try to create domestic threats. One can see that the Stop and Search policy is not enough to withstand the threat from the global terrorist groups. To be specific, the power of this policy is limited within the context of searching the suspects, but without any evidence. So, the government formulated a new act named as the The Terrorism Act, which was implemented in the year 2000. Stigall (2009, p.106) states that, ‘In contrast to the limited powers to stop and search ordinary criminal suspects, The Terrorism Act of 2000 allows a police officer to stop and search any person he or she reasonably suspects to be a terrorist in order to discover whether the suspect has possession of anything that may constitute evidence that he or she is a terroristâ€℠¢. The implementation of this Act proves that the Stop and Search policy cannot be considered as the base of anti-terrorism measures. From a different angle of view, the Stop and Search in UK can be considered as the extension of anti-terrorism measures adopted by the UK government. But the media creates chaos among the people by exploiting the policy’s entertainment value, not news value. To be specific, the media exaggerates different opinions on this policy and

The End of the Ottoman Empire Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The End of the Ottoman Empire - Essay Example The Ottoman Empire had been established by the mid of the fifteenth century in the wake of the conquest of Constantinople at the hands of Sultan Mehmet II in 1453 A.D., which lasted for over five and half centuries till the armed forces of the empire had to surrender before the Allies in the Armistice of Mudros in October 1918 (19). The critics pertinently blame the Ottoman caliphs and their inefficiency and unruliness to be one of the most significant reasons behind the empire’s growing weaker and unstable, leading to its ultimate fall eventually. The theorists also view the caliph’s irrational decision to participate in WWI on the German side to be the most effective cause of the empire ruination. Somehow, vested political and economic interests established by Great Britain, Russia and France, and the difference of the religious ideology emulated by the Christian Allies and the Muslim Empire, respectively, could be stated to be the turning point behind the abolishment of the caliphate and the partition of its territories into several sovereign states ultimately in the aftermath of the First World War. There is no doubt in the bitter reality that the empire had turned out to be the sick man of Europe by the end of the nineteenth century; therefore, the four small states appeared on the horizon to inflict a humiliating defeat on the empire during the Balkan War of 1911. However, the sympathetic inclinations demonstrated by the Christian nations, including England, France, Italy and Russia, towards Greece and against the Ottomans in Asia Minor also added their share in the rise of the Greeks and destruction of the Muslim empire (20). The British-led alliance appeared to be determined to exert its influence in different parts of the Ottoman Empire, which could only be possible through launching a formidable attack on the unity of the Muslim community. As a result, the ethnic and racial sentiments were projected and promoted in the hearts and minds o f the Arabs belonging to the Middle East and North Africa, who raised a decisive revolt against the Turkish supremacy and made demands for the separate and independent states to be established on the foundations of absolute sovereignty, where there would be no chances of any interference from the Turkish political domination altogether. Consequently, the sentiments of ethno-racial and regional hatred and prejudice were harboured with the aim of adding fuel to the fire of the Arab nationalism that could lead to the eventual disintegration of the Ottoman Empire (23). Kedourie (22) seems to be justified in making his argument that the caliph ruling over the Ottoman Empire was thought to be the religious and political leader of the entire Muslim community. Consequently, all the Muslim states not only revered him as their religious patron, but also traditionally used to seek spiritual and political guidance from him. Therefore, the certificate issued by the caliph in favour of a ruler wa s considered to be the final

Wal-Mart Information Technology Systems Support Case Study

Wal-Mart Information Technology Systems Support - Case Study Example A purchase at any store is reflected at the nerve center within 15 minutes and within an hour, the company has a complete picture of its sales including which among the 690 million items across its stores sell the most. This clarity in the company’s performance in real-time is responsible for seamless operations on such a grand scale. Cash register receipts, for example, are backed up in the system and retained for two years. Having such a rich pool of data on shoppers helps Wal-Mart know their customer’s buying trends are enabling the company to treat each of their hundreds of million customers as individuals. The sales statistics of products at Wal-Mart are monitored to the last item, something that gives the company an edge over its competitors because improvements based on this data can be made in the shortest time possible. The Wal-Mart system even goes further to track weather and matches that data with buying patterns. This information allows the retailer to place enough orders for items purchased during a hurricane, for example, so that by the time such a disaster hits, shoppers have enough supply of the much-needed items. Another unique aspect of the Wal-Mart system is its ability to be shared to a limited extent, with suppliers. This IT system has a provider link that shows them the position of their items in real-time at all stores across the world where such products are stocked. With this data, suppliers can make product flows such that the right products are delivered to the right store in time. Having their systems opened up to suppliers brings trust between them and the company as they can transparently monitor the performance of their products from the comfort of their respective premises.

Globalization Influences Poverty And Income Inequality Research Paper

Globalization Influences Poverty And Income Inequality - Research Paper Example This study attempts to provide some intuitions in the affiliation amongst income inequality, poverty, and globalization. Certain studies indicate that globalization leads assists the less fortunate whereas other have claims contrary to that. Various income inequality and poverty measures are applied to show how they are connected to globalization. Poverty is decreasing globally and inequality after 100 years is flattening off, this is a worthy result; however, it is not an indication that all is good in our fresh globalized economy. Even with certain improvements, there remain abundant reasons for distress. This are the debt issue of Africa’s exposed economies, the big number of nations where development is minimal and the inequality is on the rise, the susceptibility of the developing nations, and the nations that have incorporated the liberalizing developments of the Washington consensus. This paper makes a conclusion that concerning poverty, globalization decreased it; this is an explanation of the faster and frequent development of integrated economies. Whereas the low-income nations try to penetrate the global services and good markets, industrial corporations are formed, in the direction, which, individuals beneath the poverty line can alleviate searching for a better life and a good paying job. Additionally, the total number of those who live on one dollar a day has less plummeted in the past years, but the access to public spending on health, education, and the average life expectancy at birth have augmented.

John Chambers (Cisco CEO) - The Role of Decisiveness and Decision Essay

John Chambers (Cisco CEO) - The Role of Decisiveness and Decision Making - Essay Example In October 2011, Cisco’s net income dropped by 8%, while earlier in august this year, the net income had dropped by 36%, although it later on rose by only a small margin of 3.3%. Shareholder value creation is one of the most important strategies in an organization, and should be a priority for a CEO; however, Chambers has failed tremendously. According to Rappaport (2006), executives should always make decisions that aim at maximizing value. In addition, at times, it is wiser to return the shareholders cash in dividend form, rather than using excess cash in investments that end up being destructive. Therefore, excess cash should be returned to shareholders when the value-creating opportunities are not available. In addition, an organization should focus on the activities that contribute to long-term value in the organization. Decisiveness is one of the major qualities of a successful chief executive officer; the act of being determined is evident in Chambers such that, despite the rise of Cisco from $1billion to $40 billion followed by the challenges in 2001, Chambers has continued to hang on in the company’s leadership. ... argues that the continuous recovery of Cisco can be attributed to the CEO’s leadership skills, as he is known as an effective communicator and motivator of employees. Literature Review John Chambers, the Cisco’s CEO, has faced both negative and positive remarks concerning his role in the company. The failure to persuade the public that the company’s future earnings are reliable is one of the existing critics. Chambers replaced the top-down decision-making process with the committees of executives. This strategy required most managers to spend their time in committees; this absurd system was later on abandoned. According to Geothals, Sorenson, and Burns (2004, p.319), the presence of the correct information leads to informed decisions, whilst decisiveness creates room for timely actions. Nevertheless, inconsistency and failure to fulfill promises in a CEO creates an atmosphere of mistrust from the employees and the customers. Therefore, an open management style co ntributes to the development of trust, improved communication skills, and listening skills as well. However, ineffective communication leads to poor teamwork due to lack of collaboration, decrease in productivity, and high levels of turnover. Decisive managers are aware that their decisions may not be effective; hence, they leave room for modification, and therefore, they do not hesitate to modify their decisions once they realize that their original decisions are not effective. This is evident in Chambers case; for instance, when chambers changed the company’s top-down decision-making process to manager’s committee strategy, the new strategy proved ineffective as managers spent most of their time in committees. However, Chambers reconsidered changing the strategy after discovering that it did not

Immanuel Kant Essay Example for Free

Immanuel Kant Essay The following is taken from Immanuel Kant’s The Metaphysics of Morals (Part II, â€Å"The Science of Right†), translated by W. Hastie with emendations and paragraph numbers added by Jeremy Anderson. The complete text is available free online here. In this excerpt, Kant first explains what crime is and the different sorts of crimes (paragraph 1), which is not very important for our purposes. He then presents his view that punishment is justified by the criminals having committed a crime (par. 2). This is to be contrasted with other theories of punishment such as the Utilitarian theory, according to which punishment is justified by the good it brings to society. Kant rejects the Utilitarian theory for two reasons. First, he believes it treats criminals as mere means to others good; Kant’s Categorical Imperative forbids this. Second, the Utilitarian theory could, possibly, justify punishing an innocent person because of the good it might bring to society. To Kant, this sort of injustice is absolutely intolerable. Having explained why we punish people Kant goes on to discuss how and how much to punish criminals (par. 3-8). Here he asserts that the hurt done to the criminal should equal the hurt the criminal did to others, both in amount and in kind (in class we are calling this the Equal Punishment version of the lex talionis). The rest of the piece mostly explains what he means by this, with particular emphasis on the need for the death penalty. In paragraphs 8 and 10 Kant considers some interesting exceptions to the rule that murderers must be executed. Okay, so Kant believed that punishment should always be in response to a crime punishing someone to protect society or to deter others is immoral. Kant goes on to say that it is also immoral for a person to commit a crime, and not be punished. In other words, every crime merits a punishment; it is Kants form of equality. Kant refers to this as jus talionis, which is loosely translates as the right of retaliation. However, Kant was opposed to punishing people if it took away their humanity. In other words, if a person tortures people, that person should not be punished by torture, because doing so would be dehumanizing OURSELVES. In other words, it would be stooping to the level of the torturer. Kant did believe in Capital Punishment in fact, he insisted on it. He states in his book, Metaphysics on Morals, that according to Jus Talionis, murderers MUST die there is no earthly punishment other than death that can balance out a murder, and thus preserve Jus Talionis, the balance between crime and punishment. It is like a scale the side of justice must balance the side of injustice. An Exposition of Kant’s, Arendt’s, and Mill’s Moral Philosophy Immanuel Kant adheres to Deontological ethics. His theory offers a view of morality based on the principle of good will and duty. According to him, people can perform good actions solely by good intentions without any considerations to consequences. In addition, one must follow the laws and the categorical imperative in order to act in accordance with and from duty. Several other philosophers such as Hannah Arendt discuss Kant’s moral philosophy. In her case study: â€Å"The Accused and Duties of a Law-Abiding Citizen†, Arendt examines how Adolf Eichmann’s actions conformed to Kant’s moral precepts but also how they ran of afoul to his conception of duty. In contrast, John Stuart Mill adopts a teleological view of moral philosophy. He exposes his view of consequentialism and utilitarianism to argue that an action is morally right only to the extent that it maximizes the aggregate happiness of all parties involved regardless of the motive. In the present paper, I will expose Kant’s moral precepts and the importance of duty in his Deontological principles. Then, I will evaluate Arendt’s report on Adolf Eichmann to analyze the ways in which his actions were in accordance to or against Kant’s moral philosophy. I will conclude my discussion with an evaluation of Mill’s approach to morality in order to examine the differences between his teleological philosophy and Kant’s ethical principles. Kant’s moral philosophy is based on the categorical imperative (CI), good will, and duty. According to the CI, it is an absolute necessity, a command that humans should accord with universalizable maxims to treat people as ends in themselves and exercise their will without any concerns about the consequences or conditions of their actions. This concept can also be expressed in systematic terms by the two following formulations.

Barbara Kruger Art Style Analysis

Barbara Kruger Art Style Analysis Barbara Kruger, an American graphic designer who brings to light modern day problems of society using her art as a message conveyer of society problems. Her artwork consists of various pictures spliced together and newspaper like letters as captions for what she is conveying. Her artwork unlike others doesnt immediately go into a museum or on a world tour instead its towards advertisement. This brings in more viewers and allows her to display what she what problems in society she wants to convey. Some of these artworks that bring to light issues are a picture of Adolf Hitler with his eyes blocked out and written on top of his photo the phrase If you dont control your mind someone else will, or the one I will be focusing on the most You are a captive audience. The first thing I want to bring up before I go into her work is shes seen as an artist with mixed reviews, because shes so open revealing political problems in the world. An article in The New York Times praises Barbara Kruger for using her art to bring attention to these issues but also criticizes it for sometimes sugarcoating things, thus losing its edge and full effect. The example used is her Your Body is a Battleground. It depicts a womans face in black and white showing it doesnt matter what race your body is still a battleground for what you choose to do. It was created to support the pro-choice belief of most feminists. It was an attempt to legalize abortions birth control and strengthen womens rights. Now from my perspective I dont think she sugarcoated this problem at all. In the text of the artwork it clearly states support legal abortion, birth control, womens rights. She wants us to know she stands for pro-choice womens rights and thinks it needs to put into the limeligh t and dodged around. Another example can come from You are a captive audience. This work of art pictures what I presume a man putting on his lovers finger a wedding ring. There is another version of it with dental work and a tooth being removed from a patient. This caption says people are so easily captivated by extreme versions of our emotions. The ring version shows how easily as a society people can be easily captured by emotions of joy and happiness. Now the same thing can be said with fear. The dental version shows the tooth being removed from a patient and without a numbing agent of some kind this would hurt a person quite a bit. People love emotions even the more dark and negative ones like horrified and disgusted. Going back to a previous artwork mentioned If you dont control your mind someone else will. This piece is rather dark if you think about it. Since its talking about someone controlling your mind which weve seen throughout history can happen if you choose not to think for yourself. To bring this up to the world you cant sugarcoat it especially using a figure the world revers as a symbol of dark times and tragedy. Barbara Kruger doesnt try to scare people with the phrases she uses but rather the phrases she uses can be moving. Using another work, she created which most of America knows as Your comfort is my silence. What makes this piece so moving is the simple fact of if your happy Im happy. No one can complain so someone elses comfort can be someone elses silence because they dont need to say anything to begin with. In an interview caption it says when someone asks someone what they think about Barbara Kruger they say she was obviously important during early 1980s but now she isnt so relevant and they cant name any of her more recent works. I once again disagree with this because she points out problems with modern day things to. Her work Remote Control points out how easily the society we live in has gone to basically machines doing everything for us. This is a pressing issue with the growing obesity in the nation among other things. With all this said I say Barbara Kruger is doing well with her art and is not sugarcoating anything and is taking a stand to reveal the problems of society in a memorable way. When someone judges her work, I think they need to realize the artwork she does is not for visual appeal as it is to make you think and realize what it means. Word Count 757 Works Cited Bishop, Claire. Interview With Barbara Kruger. MAKE Magazine, 9. Cottner, Holland. Art In Review. The New York Times, C29. Hagan, Charles. Barbara Kruger : Cover Girl. The New York Times, June 14, 1992, 82. Linker, Kate. Love For Sale. New York Times Book Review, 3.